The Mediterranean diet has long been commended for its multiple health advantages. It is now commonly approached by couples trying to conceive, with evidence suggesting it may also aid in the treatment of infertility. Carried out by Monash University, the University of the Sunshine Coast, and the University of South Australia, the review discovered that the Mediterranean diet can enhance male sperm quality, fertility, and the success of assisted reproductive technology (ART).
Researchers identified that the anti-inflammatory properties of a Mediterranean diet can improve couples’ chances of conception. Infertility is a global health concern affecting 48 million couples and 186 million individuals worldwide. UniSA researcher, Dr. Evangeline Mantzioris, said modifying preconception nutrition is a non-invasive and potentially effective means for improving fertility outcomes. “Deciding to have a baby is one of life's biggest decisions, but if things don't go as planned, it can be very stressful for both partners," Dr. Mantzioris said.
The Mediterranean diet is primarily plant-based and includes whole grains, extra virgin olive oil, fruits, vegetables, beans and legumes, nuts, herbs, and spices. Yogurt, cheese, and lean protein sources such as fish, chicken, or eggs; red and processed meats are only eaten in small amounts.
In comparison, a western diet comprises excessive saturated fats, refined carbohydrates, and animal proteins, making it energy-dense and lacking dietary fibre, vitamins, and minerals. Typically, a western diet is associated with higher levels of inflammation.
Monash University researcher, Simon Alesi, says understanding the association between anti-inflammatory diets such as the Mediterranean diet, and fertility could be a game-changer for couples hoping to start a family.